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Dahshur is located south of the Giza Plateau and forms part of the ancient necropolis of Memphis.
It is one of the most important pyramid fields in Egypt because it shows the experimentation stage of pyramid building before the perfection of the Giza pyramids.
King Snefru – The Great Builder
The pyramids of Dahshur were built by King Sneferu, the father of King Khufu.
Snefru is considered one of the greatest builders in ancient Egyptian history, responsible for developing the true form of the pyramid.
He also led major expeditions to regions such as Libya and the Levant to obtain materials like cedar wood used in construction.
The Bent Pyramid (Experimental Stage)
The first major pyramid at Dahshur is the Bent Pyramid, also known as the “Broken Pyramid.”
Why is it bent?
During construction, engineers faced two major issues:
- The foundation soil was softer and less stable than expected
- The original angle (around 55°) proved too steep, causing structural stress and internal cracks
As a result, the builders were forced to change the angle mid-construction, creating the pyramid’s unique bent shape.
This pyramid represents an important learning phase in Egyptian engineering.
The Red Pyramid – The First True Pyramid
After the Bent Pyramid, Snefru ordered the construction of a second pyramid to the north: the Red Pyramid.
Key features:
- Built with a more stable and correct angle
- Height: approximately 105 meters
- Considered the first successful true smooth-sided pyramid in history
- Made of reddish limestone, giving it its modern name
This pyramid represents the final achievement of Snefru’s architectural experiments and became the model for later pyramids.
Archaeological Importance
Dahshur has revealed important archaeological discoveries, including:
- Burial chambers with unique corbelled ceilings
- Funerary objects and artifacts now displayed in the Grand Egyptian Museum
- Evidence of early pyramid engineering development
Visiting Dahshur
Dahshur is highly recommended because:
- It is quieter and less crowded than Giza
- Visitors can actually enter pyramids
- It shows the evolution of pyramid design
Experience highlights:
- Entering the Bent Pyramid (rare experience)
- Entering the Red Pyramid with its deep corridors and chambers
- Open desert landscape with ancient atmosphere
Summary
Dahshur is the laboratory of ancient pyramid construction. Through the Bent Pyramid and the Red Pyramid of Snefru, it shows the evolution from early experimentation to architectural perfection, leading directly to the Great Pyramids of Giza.
Article Summary:
Dahshur – The Experimental Pyramid Field
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FAQ
Check our Frequently Asked Questions
Find quick answers to the most common questions about your trip. Our FAQ section covers everything from travel requirements and safety tips to local customs and currency information. Interested to know more? Contact Us!
What's an Egyptologist Guide?
Licensed tour guides must maintain a certification from the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, along with membership in the Egyptian General Tourist Guide Syndicate. These certifications ensure that our guides are fully approved and registered as professionals with the Egyptian government authorities.
When is the best time to visit Egypt?
The busiest tourist season is from September to April. The weather in Egypt is generally sunny and dry, with lower temperatures in the winter months that make for pleasant travel through Upper Egypt.
How much is expected in gratuities?
Tipping is greatly appreciated, based on the quality of the service you receive. We suggest around $5-$8 per day for your driver, and $10-$15 per day for guides. Tipping can be done in cash, either as Egyptian pounds, US dollars or Euros. For non-Egyptian currency, bills in good condition (no rips or tears) are preferred.
How do I get an Egypt entry visa?
You can get a 30-day tourist visa upon arriving at Cairo Airport. Please bring $25 in USD cash with you; you will get the visa documentation before the immigration desk at the airport, and the immigration officials will review and stamp your passport. Our staff will meet you after you disembark the plane to facilitate this process and ensure you are able to get through security smoothly.
How much walking will be involved in our tour?
Most tours can be walking-intensive, primarily on flat ground. Visiting the Pyramids and the Sphinx requires some walking over flat but uneven ground and sand. Entry into many of the tombs and Pyramids can be physically demanding, with low ceilings, steep staircases and narrow passageways.
How long will each day be?
Each day’s tour is a full day, estimating 8 to 10 hours - though we have built in plenty of time to rest, enjoy a coffee or a meal, or explore on your own.
What should I wear?
Comfortable, closed-toe walking or athletic shoes are recommended as there may be areas with uneven pavement. Locals in Egypt often dress modestly, so visitors often feel more comfortable in clothes that cover their shoulders and knees (t-shirts or long sleeved shirts, capris, pants). You may wish to bring a hat for sun protection, as well as a scarf or light jacket for evening.
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